How does the Internet travels?
Hey, hi to everyone! This is VirusZzWarning, aka Hrisikesh, back with another knowledgeable blog. We all know about the internet, but do you know how it travels? In this blog, I’ve discussed it; I hope you like it.
99% of all the internet traffic, from you reading this blog to your Valorant account to your family WhatsApp group, runs on a hidden network of undersea cables. But why am I telling you this, and why should you even care?
You should care because modern life is increasingly dependent on those slinky subaquatic wires; even they get attacked by sharks🦈from time to time
How do they work? What’s the future of those slinky wires? In this blog, I’ll cover all those details as I plunge into the depths and ask how the internet travels across oceans.
Submarine Cables:
According to the authoritative submarine cable map website there are currently 486 active or 1306 actively under constructions sub-sea internet cable crisscrossing the globe. The Maria cable, which connects Virginia Beach in the US with Bill Bow in Northern Spain, is extraordinarily enormous, stretching 6600 kilometers across the Atlantic Ocean. It connects Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan and runs 300 kilometers beneath the Black Sea. Maria weighs the same as 24 blue whales. Apparently the firms laying down this Serpentine superhighway worldwide there’s now 1.5 million kilometers of undersea data wires arcade about how mush it all costs, but professional estimates indicate a typical transoceanic cable should set you back between $300 to $400 millions of dollars, which seems like a lot because they’re not especially thick typically around the girth of a garden hose, and that includes layers of protective thixotropic jelly around the all-important fiber optic core plus multiple plastic sheaths and copper wiring to power the thing but even so on average they can ferry an awesome 100GB/sec in data with newer and forthcoming cables able to transmits 400 GB/sec.
How do they work:
So, however will such a lot knowledge work down such slim channels? a part of the solution is extraordinarily subtle knowledge bargaining technique referred to as Dense wavelength division multiplexing. Put simply, Dense wavelength division multiplexing lets knowledge suppliers use over one wavelength of sunshine to convey info fibre optically instead, many wavelengths area unit utilized at the same time and stacked making astonishing knowledge speeds, this happens at noisy knowledge center-like landing sites at either finish of the cable. area unit the cables simply clear-cut long wires? more or less each seventy to one hundred kilometers some on the ocean bottom cables area unit punchuated with alleged repeaters these basically function amplifiers keeping the signal strength up to par over long distances. That’s why the cables incorporate copper conductors, by the method carrying up to ten thousand volts of DC to power the repeaters. however area unit the cables late? they’re 1st curled up into huge cylindrical drums on specialised cable giving birth ships the maximum amount as a years designing and charting can go in plotting the proper trans-oceanic route. dangerous locations for subsurface cables embody anyplace volcanic or anyplace particularly earthquake or landslip prone or anyplace heavily trolled by the fishermen. The cable is spooled out by the rear of the ship at a sedate pace of around ten kilometers associate hour. If the ship encounters atmospheric condition, the captain will decide whether or not to interrupt off the wire, tie it to a bay and go back to fate waters. once the storm passes the ship returns to the bay and picks up wherever it left off. Accidents and outrages on the cables will and do occur, in 2012 cyclone sandy within the United States of America knocked out many key transatlantic cables, disrupting networks for hours, in 2011 the Fukushima earthquake in Japan caused similar destructions. The overwhelming majority of such disruptions but area unit the results of Human carelessness, usually trawler nets or perverse ships anchors, cables settled on the brink of the shore area unit considerably additional in danger from such disruption. in and of itself the nearer to lander cable is that the additional seemingly it’ll be fastidiously armor-clad several area unit even mammary gland within the ocean bottom in long dedicated trenches carved out exploitation ship-drawn plows. Awesomely sharks 🦈 are noticed nibbling on one in every of Google’s subsea cables.
Who own’s the cables?
It’s a good question, and historically Nations or Quasi National Telecom carriers have paid the bill because it’s a costly industry. The world’s biggest owner of cables remains America’s AT&T with a stake in some 230000 kilometers of undersea cable, the second biggest owner is China Telecom. Often, groups or consortia of up to 50 different owners, including tech firms, local government organizations, and other companies, own cables.
This technique also helps spread out the initial costs, but it is less useful if something goes wrong and no one can agree on who needs to put on a wetsuit and fix it.
The undersea cable network is limiting big tech’s ability to expand, thus over the past few years, the vast majority of investment in undersea cable infrastructure has come from firms like Facebook, which currently owns around 100000 kilometers of cables.
Amazon owns nearly the same amount as Google, and the online giant’s powerful AWS data centres are connected to it by cables that cross the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian seas as well as the Mediterranean, Red Sea, and South China Sea. Google owns roughly the same amount. The tech giants want to portray these massive, environmentally destructive infrastructure projects as being the largest on their part, but keep in mind that they are also shareholder firms and fully understand that the growth of the human population starts online.
For now the future is very much undersea cables, last summer of 2021 Google and Facebook had announced a joint initiative to build an undersea cable named Apricot.
Apricot will link up Singapore, Japan, Guam, Philippines, Taiwan and Indonesia by the year 2024. The longest subaquatic cable ever, a 45000 kilometer, billion dollar monster called to Africa, that will link up 33 nations was bankrolled by a Facebook-led consortium.
What do you think will humanity’s brilliant undersea network look like when it is as outdated as the telegraph? Please share this blog with your family and friends if you liked it and let me know in the comments area.
Cheers!❤
-VirusZzWarning
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